Published in The American review of respiratory disease
Several distinct cell adhesion molecule families have recently been identified and found to be important in the inflammatory response and for epithelial and endothelial homeostasis. The integrin family of adhesion molecules functions in both cell-matrix and cell-cell interactions, whereas the cadherins serve as important cell-cell receptors for mai...
Published in The American review of respiratory disease
Functional residual capacity (FRC), the only lung volume to be assessed routinely in infants, can be measured using plethysmography or gas dilution. Although it is well recognized that both methods yield similar FRC values in healthy adults, gas dilution techniques have consistently produced lower values in healthy infants when compared with plethy...
Published in The American review of respiratory disease
Abnormal inspiratory load compensation may be one factor leading to development of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Alternatively, abnormalities in ventilatory load compensation may be a consequence of the manifestations of OSA. This investigation was designed to determine if impairment of awake inspiratory load compensation exists in OSA and to dete...
Published in The American review of respiratory disease
Inflammation may play a central role in the pathogenesis of HIV-related Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP). Serum levels of the amino-terminal propeptide of Type III procollagen (PIIINP) reflect inflammatory activity in granulation tissue and in chronic rheumatic and liver disorders. To investigate changes in PIIINP serum levels during an episode...
Published in The American review of respiratory disease
Using various animal models of toxic or antigenic-induced airway inflammation, we have demonstrated that adhesion molecules play an important role in the recruitment, retention, and site-specific activation of inflammatory cells within the airways. Furthermore, we have shown that cytokines may contribute to inflammatory responses in the airways by ...
Published in The American review of respiratory disease
Increased resting energy expenditure and malnutrition are frequently observed in patients with COPD. The aim of this study was to examine the possible contribution of an increased diet-induced thermogenesis (DIT) to weight loss. Eleven patients with COPD in stable clinical state and 11 healthy control subjects were studied. Resting energy expenditu...
Published in The American review of respiratory disease
Endothelial damage is a hallmark of acute lung injury. Endothelial mediators may increase pulmonary vascular tone and induce pulmonary arterial muscularization, thereby contributing to the pulmonary hypertension seen with acute lung injury. We measured plasma levels and net pulmonary clearance of endothelin-1, a potent endothelium-derived vasoconst...
Published in The American review of respiratory disease
Integrins are heterodimeric glycoproteins that mediate cell-to-matrix and some cell-to-cell interactions. Recent evidence underscores the important roles of these receptors in signaling machines that transduce positional information into complex changes in cell behavior. As such, integrins have been shown to play critical roles in cell growth, diff...
Published in The American review of respiratory disease
A possible role for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) has recently been suggested on the basis of an unusually high seroprevalence rate of anti-HCV in such patients from Japan. In an attempt to confirm these findings, we tested sera from 62 patients with IPF by two second-generation anti-HC...
Published in The American review of respiratory disease
The exchange of cross-talks between cells relies on soluble factors or direct cell-cell contact. Soluble factors increase the expression of cell surface molecules that activate adjacent cells by direct contact to produce cytokines. In the lung, dendritic cells are potent inducers of T-cell proliferation, and the interaction between the two leads to...
