Capra, John A Erwin, Genevieve D McKinsey, Gabriel Rubenstein, John L R Pollard, Katherine S
Published in
Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences
The genetic changes underlying the dramatic differences in form and function between humans and other primates are largely unknown, although it is clear that gene regulatory changes play an important role. To identify regulatory sequences with potentially human-specific functions, we and others used comparative genomics to find non-coding regions c...
Klepac, Petra Metcalf, C Jessica E McLean, Angela R Hampson, Katie
Published in
Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences
Successful control measures have interrupted the local transmission of human infectious diseases such as measles, malaria and polio, and saved and improved billions of lives. Similarly, control efforts have massively reduced the incidence of many infectious diseases of animals, such as rabies and rinderpest, with positive benefits for human health ...
Hunter, Tony Pawson, Tony
Published in
Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences
Hunter, Tony
Published in
Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences
The advantageous chemical properties of the phosphate ester linkage were exploited early in evolution to generate the phosphate diester linkages that join neighbouring bases in RNA and DNA (Westheimer 1987 Science 235, 1173-1178). Following the fixation of the genetic code, another use for phosphate ester modification was found, namely reversible p...
Freeberg, Todd M Dunbar, Robin I M Ord, Terry J
Published in
Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences
The 'social complexity hypothesis' for communication posits that groups with complex social systems require more complex communicative systems to regulate interactions and relations among group members. Complex social systems, compared with simple social systems, are those in which individuals frequently interact in many different contexts with man...
McShane, Helen
Published in
Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences
Tuberculosis (TB) disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb) remains one of the leading infectious causes of death and disease throughout the world. The only licensed vaccine, Mycobacterium bovis bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) confers highly variable protection against pulmonary disease. An effective vaccination regimen would be the most e...
Clark, Luke
Published in
Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences
Gambling is a widespread form of entertainment that may afford unique insights into the interaction between cognition and emotion in human decision-making. It is also a behaviour that can become harmful, and potentially addictive, in a minority of individuals. This article considers the status of two dominant approaches to gambling behaviour. The c...
Davis, Matthew H Gaskell, M Gareth
Published in
Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences
In this paper we present a novel theory of the cognitive and neural processes by which adults learn new spoken words. This proposal builds on neurocomputational accounts of lexical processing and spoken word recognition and complementary learning systems (CLS) models of memory. We review evidence from behavioural studies of word learning that, cons...
Brown, Sam P West, Stuart A Diggle, Stephen P Griffin, Ashleigh S
Published in
Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences
Medical science is typically pitted against the evolutionary forces acting upon infective populations of bacteria. As an alternative strategy, we could exploit our growing understanding of population dynamics of social traits in bacteria to help treat bacterial disease. In particular, population dynamics of social traits could be exploited to intro...
Ragan, Mark A McInerney, James O Lake, James A
Published in
Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences
