Armstrong, Vic Karyakina, Nataliya A Nordheim, Eirik Arnold, Ian Krewski, Daniel
Published in
Neurotoxicology
New European legislation known as REACH (Registration, Evaluation, Authorization and Restriction of Chemicals) was introduced in 2007 to increase the speed at which the health and/or environmental risks of industrial chemicals were being assessed and managed (REACH (EC) No 1907/2006). REACH consolidated earlier chemicals-control statutes and placed...
Hoffman, Jessica F Vergara, Vernieda B Kalinich, John F
Published in
Neurotoxicology
The health effects of prolonged exposure to embedded metal fragments, such as those found in shrapnel wounds sustained by an increasing number of military personnel, are not well known. As part of a large collaborative effort to expand this knowledge, we use an animal model of shrapnel wounds originally developed to investigate effects of embedded ...
Wang, Ke Shi, Yongquan Liu, Wei Liu, Shuqing Sun, Ming-Zhong
Published in
Neurotoxicology
Clinical and experimental findings support the view that activation of hippocampus microglia through NADPH oxidase contributes to cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease (PD). Taurine, an antioxidant, displays an exclusive physical property on brain function, such as learning and memory. To date, the role of taurine in improving cognitive impai...
Carmona, Asuncion Porcaro, Francesco Somogyi, Andrea Roudeau, Stéphane Domart, Florelle Medjoubi, Kadda Aubert, Michel Isnard, Hélène Nonell, Anthony Rincel, Anaïs
...
Published in
Neurotoxicology
Uranium exposure can lead to neurobehavioral alterations in particular of the monoaminergic system, even at non-cytotoxic concentrations. However, the mechanisms of uranium neurotoxicity after non-cytotoxic exposure are still poorly understood. In particular, imaging uranium in neurons at low intracellular concentration is still very challenging. W...
Naffaa, Vanessa Laprévote, Olivier Schang, Anne-Laure
Published in
Neurotoxicology
In the central and peripheral nervous systems, myelin is essential for efficient conduction of action potentials. During development, oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells differentiate and ensure axon myelination, and disruption of these processes can contribute to neurodevelopmental disorders. In adults, demyelination can lead to important disabilit...
Xiao, Xiao Yong, Ling Jiao, Bingqing Yang, Hui Liang, Chunlai Jia, Xudong Liu, Zhaoping Sang, Yaxin Song, Yan
Published in
Neurotoxicology
Lanthanum is a rare-earth element that has been used in various fields including medicine, agriculture and industry. Previously, in utero lanthanum exposure to dams was shown to alter neurobehavior and neurotransmitter levels in rat offspring; however, the effects of postweaning exposure to lanthanum on neurological behavior is still limited. The p...
Rojas, Asheebo McCarren, Hilary S Wang, Jennifer Wang, Wenyi Abreu-Melon, JuanMartin Wang, Sarah McDonough, John H Dingledine, Raymond
Published in
Neurotoxicology
The increasing number of cases involving the use of nerve agents as deadly weapons has spurred investigation into the molecular mechanisms underlying nerve agent-induced pathology. The highly toxic nature of nerve agents restrict their use in academic research laboratories. Less toxic organophosphorus (OP) based agents including diisopropylfluoroph...
Costa, Giulia Spulber, Stefan Paci, Elena Casu, Maria Antonietta Ceccatelli, Sandra Simola, Nicola Morelli, Micaela
Published in
Neurotoxicology
Clinical and preclinical evidence indicates that prenatal exposure to glucocorticoids may induce detrimental effects in the offspring, including reduction in fetal growth and alterations in the CNS. On this basis, the present study investigated whether in utero exposure to high levels of glucocorticoids is a risk factor that may lead to an exacerba...
Willhite, Calvin C Karyakina, Nataliya A Nordheim, Eirik Arnold, Ian Armstrong, Vic Momoli, Franco Shilnikova, Natalia S Yenugadhati, Nagarajkumar Krewski, Daniel
Published in
Neurotoxicology
The European Union's REACH Regulation requires determination of potential health and environmental effects of chemicals in commerce. The present case study examines the application of REACH guidance for health hazard assessments of three high production volume (HPV) aluminium (Al) substances: metallic aluminium, aluminium oxide, and aluminium hydro...
Kundrick, Erica R Marrero-Rosado, Brenda M de Araujo Furtado, Marcio Stone, Michael Schultz, Caroline R Lumley, Lucille A
Published in
Neurotoxicology
Cannabidiol, approved for treatment of pediatric refractory epilepsy, has anti-seizure effects in various animal seizure models. Chemical warfare nerve agents, including soman, are organophosphorus chemicals that can induce seizure and death if untreated or if treatment is delayed. Our objective was to evaluate whether cannabidiol would ameliorate ...