Proceedings of the 12th Annual UAB-UCSD O’Brien Center Symposium: Changing Paradigms in Acute Kidney Injury – From Mecha...
Published in Nephron
Proceedings of the 12th Annual UAB-UCSD O’Brien Center Symposium: Changing Paradigms in Acute Kidney Injury – From Mecha...
Federated Learning in Risk Prediction: A Primer and Application to COVID-19-Associated Acute Kidney Injury
Published in Nephron
Background: Modern machine learning and deep learning algorithms require large amounts of data; however, data sharing between multiple healthcare institutions is limited by privacy and security concerns. Summary: Federated learning provides a functional alternative to the single-institution approach while avoiding the pitfalls of data sharing. In c...
Myeloid Response to Acute Kidney Injury
Published in Nephron
Background: Myeloid cells form an important element of the response to ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). While the mononuclear phagocyte system is complex and difficult to study, our knowledge of the cells involved and their impacts has been steadily increasing. However, there is still need to rigorously define and separate the functions of discre...
Acute Changes in Serum Creatinine Are Not a Meaningful Metric in Randomized Controlled Trials and Clinical Care
Published in Nephron
Background: Acute changes in serum creatinine are labeled clinically as acute kidney injury (AKI). However, not all acute changes in serum creatinine are deleterious and need to be acted upon. Summary: Intravenous fluids in response to AKI should be judiciously administered, and volume overload should be avoided. Since congestion is the driver of p...
Drug-Induced Acute Kidney Injury Risk Prediction Models
Published in Nephron
Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) risk prediction models can predict AKI with short lead times and excellent model performance. However, these prediction models have not ascertained the etiology of the AKI. Drugs are an important contributor to AKI, and it is difficult to distinguish drug causes from other etiologies. Summary: Clinical adjudica...
Targeting Endoplasmic Reticulum for Novel Therapeutics and Monitoring in Acute Kidney Injury
Published in Nephron
Background: Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response is a conservative mechanism involving a complex network of different molecular branches to determine cell fate through specific transcription factors and downstream executors. Emerging evidence shows that ER stress is implicated in the occurrence and progression of acute kidney injury (AKI) in ...
Intestinal Microbiota in Experimental Acute Kidney Injury
Published in Nephron
Recent studies have demonstrated an important role played by gut microbiota in maintaining intestinal homeostasis and host immune system function. Gut microbiota have been studied in experimental acute kidney injury (AKI) using different mice and rat models exposed to either ischemia or cisplatin-mediated tubular injury. Differences in inflammatory...
Modeling Cisplatin-Induced Kidney Injury to Increase Translational Potential
Published in Nephron
Background: Cisplatin-induced kidney injury is a major challenge hindering treatment of cancer patients. Thirty percent of patients treated with cisplatin develop acute kidney injury (AKI). Even patients that do not develop AKI are at risk for long-term decline in renal function and development of chronic kidney disease. Despite researchers’ best e...
Pregnancy-Related Acute Kidney Injury: Do We Know What to Do?
Published in Nephron
Pregnancy-related AKI is a global health problem and is associated with a higher risk of both maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Risk factors for developing AKI during pregnancy include older age, history of preeclampsia, and comorbidities like diabetes. Hyperemesis gravidarum is a common cause of AKI during the first trimester, and condit...
Endotoxemic Shock: A Molecular Phenotype in Sepsis
Published in Nephron
Background: Marked heterogeneity exists among patients with sepsis, both in terms of distribution of organ dysfunction and its severity. Such heterogeneity could be explained by the presence of multiple subtypes of sepsis that may have important implications for treatment. Methods: Narrative review of published literature involving endotoxin from 1...
