Hemmer, Lucas W. Dias, Guilherme B. Smith, Brittny Van Vaerenberghe, Kelley Howard, Ashley Bergman, Casey M. Blumenstiel, Justin P.
Published in
Mobile DNA
BackgroundTransposable elements (TEs) are endogenous mutagens and their harmful effects are especially evident in syndromes of hybrid dysgenesis. In Drosophila virilis, hybrid dysgenesis is a syndrome of incomplete gonadal atrophy that occurs when males with multiple active TE families fertilize females that lack active copies of the same families....
Tatkiewicz, Witold Dickie, James Bedford, Franchesca Jones, Alexander Atkin, Mark Kiernan, Michele Maze, Emmanuel Atangana Agit, Bora Farnham, Garry Kanapin, Alexander
...
Published in
Mobile DNA
BackgroundThe cell-surface attachment protein (Env) of the HERV-K(HML-2) lineage of endogenous retroviruses is a potentially attractive tumour-associated antigen for anti-cancer immunotherapy. The human genome contains around 100 integrated copies (called proviruses or loci) of the HERV-K(HML-2) virus and we argue that it is important for therapy d...
Dawes, Joanna C. Webster, Philip Iadarola, Barbara Garcia-Diaz, Claudia Dore, Marian Bolt, Bruce J. Dewchand, Hamlata Dharmalingam, Gopuraja McLatchie, Alex P. Kaczor, Jakub
...
Published in
Mobile DNA
BackgroundLigation-mediated PCR protocols have diverse uses including the identification of integration sites of insertional mutagens, integrating vectors and naturally occurring mobile genetic elements. For approaches that employ NGS sequencing, the relative abundance of integrations within a complex mixture is typically determined through the use...
Bousios, Alexandros Nützmann, Hans-Wilhelm Buck, Dorothy Michieletto, Davide
Published in
Mobile DNA
Chromosome organisation is increasingly recognised as an essential component of genome regulation, cell fate and cell health. Within the realm of transposable elements (TEs) however, the spatial information of how genomes are folded is still only rarely integrated in experimental studies or accounted for in modelling. Whilst polymer physics is reco...
Grandi, Nicole Pisano, Maria Paola Demurtas, Martina Blomberg, Jonas Magiorkinis, Gkikas Mayer, Jens Tramontano, Enzo
Published in
Mobile DNA
BackgroundEndogenous Retroviruses (ERVs) constitute approximately 8% of every human genome and are relics of ancestral infections that affected the germ line cells. The ERV-W group contributed to primate physiology by providing an envelope protein (Syncytin-1) that has been adopted for placenta development in hominoids. Expression of Human ERV-W (H...
Tellier, Michael Chalmers, Ronald
Published in
Mobile DNA
BackgroundTransposable elements (TEs) are a diverse group of self-mobilizing DNA elements. Transposition has been exploited as a powerful tool for molecular biology and genomics. However, transposition is sometimes limited because of auto-regulatory mechanisms that presumably allow them to cohabit within their hosts without causing excessive genomi...
Liu, Dong Yang, Jinquan Tang, Wenqiao Zhang, Xing Royster, Clay Matthew Zhang, Ming
Published in
Mobile DNA
BackgroundSINEs are a type of nonautonomous retrotransposon that can transpose from one site to be integrated elsewhere in an organism genome. SINE insertion can give rise to genetic variants and regulate gene expression, allowing organisms to acquire new adaptive capacity. Studies on this subject have focused on the impacts of SINEs on genes. Howe...
Jedlicka, Pavel Lexa, Matej Vanat, Ivan Hobza, Roman Kejnovsky, Eduard
Published in
Mobile DNA
Following publication of the original article [1], the authors spotted an error in Table 2.
Kaul, Tiffany Morales, Maria E. Sartor, Alton O. Belancio, Victoria P. Deininger, Prescott
Published in
Mobile DNA
BackgroundRetrotransposons are one of the oldest evolutionary forces shaping mammalian genomes, with the ability to mobilize from one genomic location to another. This mobilization is also a significant factor in human disease. The only autonomous human retroelement, L1, has propagated to make up 17% of the human genome, accumulating over 500,000 c...
Ardeljan, Daniel Wang, Xuya Oghbaie, Mehrnoosh Taylor, Martin S. Husband, David Deshpande, Vikram Steranka, Jared P. Gorbounov, Mikhail Yang, Wan Rou Sie, Brandon
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Published in
Mobile DNA
BackgroundLong interspersed element-1 (LINE-1, L1) is the major driver of mobile DNA activity in modern humans. When expressed, LINE-1 loci produce bicistronic transcripts encoding two proteins essential for retrotransposition, ORF1p and ORF2p. Many types of human cancers are characterized by L1 promoter hypomethylation, L1 transcription, L1 ORF1p ...
