Published in Medicine and science in sports and exercise
This study assessed the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic restrictions/lockdowns on physical activity levels, body mass, quadriceps strength, and gait biomechanics over 18 months. Ten healthy men were assessed at baseline (~14 wk before first lockdown) and 17.9 ± 0.3 months later (
Published in Medicine and science in sports and exercise
Interrupting sedentary time during the day reduces postprandial glycemia (a risk factor for cardiometabolic disease). However, it is not known if benefits exist for postprandial glucose, insulin and triglyceride responses in the evening, and if these benefits differ by body mass index (BMI) category. In a randomized crossover study, 30 participants...
Published in Medicine and science in sports and exercise
In a cross-sectional sample of US Hispanic/Latino adults, we aimed to describe step-based metric distributions, estimate their associations with activity counts and self-report, and calibrate step-based translations of current (2018) US physical activity (PA) guidelines, that is, ≥150 min·wk -1 moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) from accelerometer coun...
Published in Medicine and science in sports and exercise
Aberrant gait variability has been observed after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR), yet it remains unknown if gait variability is associated with early changes in cartilage composition linked to osteoarthritis development. Our purpose was to determine the association between femoral articular cartilage T1ρ magnetic resonance imaging...
Published in Medicine and science in sports and exercise
Assessment of trends in physical activity (PA) and sedentary time (ST) is important for evaluating the effectiveness of national policies and setting goals to improve population PA. This study describes changes in measured PA and ST through motion sensors of the Portuguese population from 2008 to 2018. PA and ST were measured with accelerometry fro...
Published in Medicine and science in sports and exercise
We investigated short-term (9 d) exposure to low energy availability (LEA) in elite endurance athletes during a block of intensified training on self-reported well-being, body composition, and performance. Twenty-three highly trained race walkers undertook an ~3-wk research-embedded training camp during which they undertook baseline testing and 6 d...
Published in Medicine and science in sports and exercise
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder for which behavioral treatments such as exercise are recommended as part of a multidisciplinary treatment program. Exercise improves executive function in individuals with ADHD, but limited information exists regarding the mechanisms involved in the response. We examin...
Published in Medicine and science in sports and exercise
We investigated the effects of gut microbes, and the mechanisms mediating the enhanced exercise performance induced by exercise training, i.e., skeletal muscle blood flow, and mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative function in male mice. All mice received a graded exercise test before (PRE) and after exercise training via forced treadmill running a...
Published in Medicine and science in sports and exercise
Exercise is a proven therapy for managing cardiometabolic risk factors in type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, its effects on patient-reported outcome measures such as quality of life (QoL) in people with T2D remain unclear. Consequently, the primary aim of this study was to determine the effect of regular exercise on QoL in adults with T2D. A secondary...
Published in Medicine and science in sports and exercise
The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between pitcher trunk and throwing arm girth with kinematics at ball release of the softball pitch. Softball pitchers can be of various shapes and sizes; however, it is unknown if segment girth might influence pitch biomechanics. Because of the importance of body positioning at ball release...
