Published in JBMR Plus
Vitamin D synthesis by exposure of skin to solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) provides the majority of this hormone that is essential for bone development and maintenance but may be important for many other health outcomes. This process, which is the only well‐established benefit of solar UVR exposure, depends on many factors including genetics, age...
Published in JBMR Plus
Scientific interest in possible extraskeletal effects of vitamin D first appeared in the 1930s soon after the structure of vitamin D was characterized, and increased in the 1980s with the development of assays of 25‐hydroxyvitamin D status as a marker of vitamin D status, which in observational epidemiological studies was shown to be inversely asso...
Published in JBMR Plus
Vitamin D3, vitamin D2, 25‐hydroxyvitamin D3 [25(OH)D3], and 25‐hydroxyvitamin D2 [25(OH)D2]constitute the vitamin D activity in food. In general, vitamin D activity in food depends on the food's fat content, the feed the animals have been fed, and the animal's exposure to ultraviolet B (UVB) light. There are many gaps in our knowledge of 25‐hydrox...
Published in JBMR Plus
Osteoporosis and osteopenia are diagnosed most commonly by evaluating the lowest T ‐score of BMD measurements, typically taken at three sites: the L1‐L4 lumbar spine, femoral neck, and total hip. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of using all three BMD measurements and multivariate statistical theory to evaluate how the diagnoses of osteoporo...
Published in JBMR Plus
Tumor‐induced osteomalacia (TIO) is a rare cause of impaired bone mineralization mediated by the osteocyte‐derived, phosphaturic hormone: fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23). The case is presented of a previously healthy 45‐year‐old man who developed fragility fractures at multiple sites (initially metatarsals, eventually ribs, hips, spine, scapula...
Published in JBMR Plus
Published in JBMR Plus
Aromatase inhibitors (AIs) induce depletion of estrogen levels, causing bone loss and increased fracture risk in women with breast cancer. High‐fat body mass (FBM) emerged as an independent factor associated with the prevalence of morphometric vertebral fractures (VFs) in patients undergoing AIs. We explored the role of lean body mass (LBM) and the...
Published in JBMR Plus
Most studies evaluating BMD in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)‐infected populations have focused on antiretroviral therapy (ART)‐experienced patients. In this study, the association between HIV‐1 and/or depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) and BMD among untreated HIV‐1–infected women in a resource‐limited setting was assessed before long‐ter...
Published in JBMR Plus
Historically, rickets and osteomalacia have been synonymous with vitamin D deficiency dating back to the 17th century. The term osteomalacia, which literally means soft bone, was traditionally applied to characteristic radiologically or histologically documented skeletal disease and not just to clinical or biochemical abnormalities. Osteomalacia re...
Published in JBMR Plus
Tumor‐induced osteomalacia (TIO) is a chronic condition associated with muscle weakness and long‐term disability. We conducted a cross‐sectional study of patients diagnosed with TIO who had been referred to our institution between May 2018 and December 2019. Our aim was to assess health‐related quality of life (HRQoL), fatigue, pain, and muscle mas...
