Published in Human Physiology
AbstractThis paper considers psycho-educational aspects of training and assignment of a crew commander for a remote space mission. An algorithm for selecting commander candidates is proposed and their personality traits and important professional qualities are specified. The preparation program should include training in practical psychology, preve...
Published in Human Physiology
AbstractObstructive sleep apnea (OSA) was shown to significantly increase the risk of cardiac death. However, polysomnography and cardiorespiratory monitoring as methods to verify breathing disorders during sleep are not included in the pilot medical certification standard. Daytime hypersomnia, snoring, fatigue, mood swings, and cognitive disorders...
Published in Human Physiology
AbstractThe study of eye hydrodynamics following five-day “dry” immersion (DI) was aimed at evaluating the influence of compensatory body hypohydration on the intraocular hydrodynamic balance. For the first time the data of electronic eye tonography before and after modeled microgravity were compared. The study involved ten male volunteers 24 to 40...
Published in Human Physiology
AbstractThe authors review the available data on damage to cortical neurons and incipient lenticular opacity in small laboratory animals after exposure to fast neutrons, accelerated multi-charged ions (AMCIs), and different doses of X- and γ-rays. Analysis and possible revision of maximum coefficients of relative biological effectiveness (RBEM) for...
Published in Human Physiology
AbstractWe analyzed the results of medical control (MC) and medical situations and assessed the efficacy of measures to manage the medical cases recorded by Russian cosmonauts (aged 36 to 52 years) engaged in their long-duration (about one year or more) space missions (SM) on the Mir orbital station (OS). The standard monitoring of the crewmembers’...
Published in Human Physiology
AbstractThe paper presents the study of communicative behavior and psycho-emotional state in six subjects during SIRIUS-17, a 17-day confinement experiment that simulated the space flight factors effects. For the first time in Russian isolation experiments practice, a gender-balanced crew was studied. The methods included content analysis of the da...
Published in Human Physiology
AbstractThe review provides an idea of intense research into neurointerface systems, which record neural activity of the cerebral cortex and decode it using a computer in order to extract the intentions of a person and to use this decoded information to control external devices. The addition of the transfer of artificial “sensory” information to th...
Published in Human Physiology
AbstractThis paper presents the results of determining the professionally important psychophysiological qualities of flight instructors to optimize the pilot training process and identify the possibilities for targeted training of these qualities. The research was carried out through questionnaires and testing using professional psychological selec...
Published in Human Physiology
AbstractFrostbite is the most common type of traumatic injuries in the cold climate of the Arctic. Post-traumatic recovery of the patients takes a long time and often leads to the loss of the damaged limb. A promising approach for frostbite therapy could be treatment with mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs), which are widely used in regenerative ...
Published in Human Physiology
AbstractThe review summarizes the glutamate/GABA data in response to brain injuries of different origins. Many nonpeptide neurotransmitters have toxic effects and their metabolic impairment is closely connected with the development and propagation of the neurodegenerative process. An example is excitotoxicity resulting from hyperactivity of the N-m...
