Tanaka, Yasunari Hojo, Masaru K Shimoji, Hiroyuki
Published in
Frontiers in zoology
Division of labour (DOL) is ubiquitous across biological hierarchies. In eusocial insects, DOL is often characterized by age-related task allocation, but workers can flexibly change their tasks, allowing for DOL reconstruction in fluctuating environments. Behavioural change driven by individual experience is regarded as a key to understanding this ...
Krings, Wencke Brütt, Jan-Ole Gorb, Stanislav N.
Published in
Frontiers in Zoology
Background The radula, a chitinous membrane with embedded teeth, is one important molluscan autapomorphy. In some taxa (Polyplacophora and Patellogastropoda) one tooth type (the dominant lateral tooth) was studied intensively in the last decades with regard to its mechanical properties, chemical and structural composition, and the relationship betw...
Jung, Kyung Min Kim, Young Min Yoo, Eunhui Han, Jae Yong
Published in
Frontiers in Zoology
Background Due to their cost effectiveness, ease of use, and unlimited supply, immortalized cell lines are used in place of primary cells for a wide range of research purposes, including gene function studies, CRISPR-based gene editing, drug metabolism tests, and vaccine or therapeutic protein production. Although immortalized cell lines have been ...
Lukas, Paul Ziermann, Janine M.
Published in
Frontiers in Zoology
Background The craniofacial skeleton is an evolutionary innovation of vertebrates. Due to its complexity and importance to protect the brain and aid in essential functions (e.g., feeding), its development requires a precisely tuned sequence of chondrification and/or ossification events. The comparison of sequential patterns of cartilage formation b...
Goodheart, Jessica A. Barone, Vanessa Lyons, Deirdre C.
Published in
Frontiers in Zoology
Background Intracellular sequestration requires specialized cellular and molecular mechanisms allowing a predator to retain and use specific organelles that once belonged to its prey. Little is known about how common cellular mechanisms, like phagocytosis, can be modified to selectively internalize and store foreign structures. One form of defensiv...
Mashanov, Vladimir Whaley, Lauren Davis, Kenneth Heinzeller, Thomas Machado, Denis Jacob Reid, Robert W. Kofsky, Janice Janies, Daniel
Published in
Frontiers in Zoology
Background Echinoderms are a phylum of marine invertebrates with close phylogenetic relationships to chordates. Many members of the phylum Echinodermata are capable of extensive post-traumatic regeneration and life-long indeterminate growth. Different from regeneration, the life-long elongation of the main body axis in adult echinoderms has receive...
Frankowski, Karina Miyazaki, Katsumi Brenneis, Georg
Published in
Frontiers in Zoology
Background Pycnogonida (sea spiders) is the sister group of all other extant chelicerates (spiders, scorpions and relatives) and thus represents an important taxon to inform early chelicerate evolution. Notably, phylogenetic analyses have challenged traditional hypotheses on the relationships of the major pycnogonid lineages (families), indicating ...
Camerlink, Irene Farish, Marianne Arnott, Gareth Turner, Simon P
Published in
Frontiers in zoology
Sexual selection has driven sexual dimorphism in agonistic behaviour in many species. Agonistic behaviour is fundamentally altered by domestication and captivity, but it is unclear whether ancestral sex differences remain. We aimed to evaluate the effect of sex on agonistic behaviour, fighting ability and contest costs. We studied this in domestic ...
Tai, Yik Ling Lee, Ya-Fu Kuo, Yen-Min Kuo, Yu-Jen
Published in
Frontiers in zoology
Ectoparasites inhabit the body surface or outgrowths of hosts and are usually detrimental to host health and wellbeing. Hosts, however, vary in quality and may lead ectoparasites to aggregate on preferred hosts, resulting in a heterogeneous distribution of parasite load among hosts. We set out to examine the effects of host individual state and bod...
Gainett, Guilherme Crawford, Audrey R. Klementz, Benjamin C. So, Calvin Baker, Caitlin M. Setton, Emily V. W. Sharma, Prashant P.
Published in
Frontiers in Zoology
Background The comparative embryology of Chelicerata has greatly advanced in recent years with the integration of classical studies and genetics, prominently spearheaded by developmental genetic works in spiders. Nonetheless, the understanding of the evolution of development and polarization of embryological characters in Chelicerata is presently l...
