Published in Diabetes
Prior to the onset of type 1 diabetes, there is progressive loss of immune self-tolerance, evidenced by the accumulation of islet autoantibodies and emergence of autoreactive T cells. Continued autoimmune activity leads to the destruction of pancreatic β-cells and loss of insulin secretion. Studies of samples from patients with type 1 diabetes and ...
Published in Diabetes
Published in Diabetes
Genome-wide association studies link the CDKN2A/B locus with T2D risk, but mechanisms increasing risk remain unknown. The CDKN2A/B locus encodes cell cycle inhibitors p14, p15, and p16, MTAP, and ANRIL, a lncRNA. The goal of this study was to determine whether CDKN2A/B T2D risk-SNPs impact locus gene expression, insulin secretion, or beta cell prol...
Published in Diabetes
The activation of Kupffer cells (KCs) and monocyte (Mc)-derived recruited macrophages (McMΦs) in the liver contributes to obesity-induced insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Diet-induced obese (DIO) mice treated with Chromogranin A (CgA) peptide catestatin (CST) showed several positive results. These included decreased hepatic/plasma lipids and...
Published in Diabetes
FoxO1 and FoxO3a (collectively FoxO1/3a) proteins regulate a wide array of cellular processes, including hepatic gluconeogenesis. Phosphorylation of FoxO1/3a is a key event that determines its subcellular location and transcriptional activity. During glucose synthesis, the activity of FoxO1/3a is negatively regulated by Akt-mediated phosphorylation...
Published in Diabetes
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) results from T cell-mediated destruction of insulin-producing β-cells. Insulin represents a key self-antigen in disease pathogenesis, as recent studies identified proinsulin-responding T cells from inflamed pancreatic islets of organ donors with recent-onset T1D. These cells respond to an insulin B-chain (InsB) epitope present...
Published in Diabetes
Since altered brain lactate handling has been implicated in the development of impaired awareness of hypoglycemia (IAH) in type 1 diabetes, the capacity to transport lactate into the brain during hypoglycemia may be relevant in its pathogenesis. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) increases plasma lactate levels. We compared the effect of HIIT-...
Published in Diabetes
This article seeks to determine whether factors related to autoimmunity risk remain significant after the initiation of two or more diabetes-related autoantibodies and continue to contribute to type 1 diabetes (T1D) risk among autoantibody-positive children in The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY) study. Characteristics in...
Published in Diabetes
Published in Diabetes
