Soni, Aashish Murmann-Konda, Tamara Siemann-Loekes, Maria Pantelias, Gabriel E Iliakis, George
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DNA repair
Four repair pathways process DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). Among these pathways the homologous recombination repair (HRR) subpathway of gene conversion (GC) affords error-free processing, but functions only in S- and G2-phases of the cell cycle. Classical non-homologous end-joining (c-NHEJ) operates throughout the cell cycle, but causes small de...
Raza, Yasir Ahmed, Ayaz Khan, Adnan Chishti, Arif Ali Akhter, Syed Shakeel Mubarak, Muhammad Bernstein, Carol Zaitlin, Beryl Kazmi, Shahana Urooj
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DNA repair
Gastric cancers are the third leading cause of cancer mortality in the world. Helicobacter pylori causes over 60 % of all stomach cancers. Colonization of the gastric mucosa by H. pylori results in increased DNA damage. Repair of DNA damage may also be reduced by H. pylori infection. Reduced DNA repair in combination with increased DNA damage can c...
Gehring, Alexandra M Zatopek, Kelly M Burkhart, Brett W Potapov, Vladimir Santangelo, Thomas J Gardner, Andrew F
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DNA repair
Reactive oxygen species drive the oxidation of guanine to 8-oxoguanine (8oxoG), which threatens genome integrity. The repair of 8oxoG is carried out by base excision repair enzymes in Bacteria and Eukarya, however, little is known about archaeal 8oxoG repair. This study identifies a member of the Ogg-subfamily archaeal GO glycosylase (AGOG) in Ther...
Choi, Jun-Hyuk Han, Sueji Kemp, Michael G
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DNA repair
UVB radiation results in the formation of potentially mutagenic photoproducts in the DNA of epidermal skin cells. In vitro approaches have demonstrated that the nucleotide excision repair (NER) machinery removes UV photoproducts from DNA in the form of small (∼30-nt-long), excised, damage-containing DNA oligonucleotides (sedDNAs). Though this proce...
Pohl, Thomas J Zakian, Virginia A
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DNA repair
An R-loop is a structure that forms when an RNA transcript stays bound to the DNA strand that encodes it and leaves the complementary strand exposed as a loop of single stranded DNA. R-loops accumulate when the processing of RNA transcripts is impaired. The failure to remove these RNA-DNA hybrids can lead to replication fork stalling and genome ins...
Williams, Jessica S Lujan, Scott A Zhou, Zhi-Xiong Burkholder, Adam B Clark, Alan B Fargo, David C Kunkel, Thomas A
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DNA repair
Ribonucleotides are the most common non-canonical nucleotides incorporated into DNA during replication, and their processing leads to mutations and genome instability. Yeast mutation reporter systems demonstrate that 2-5 base pair deletions (Δ2-5bp) in repetitive DNA are a signature of unrepaired ribonucleotides, and that these events are initiated...
Boyce, Kylie J Cao, Chengjun Xue, Chaoyang Idnurm, Alexander
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DNA repair
Passaging of microbes in vitro can lead to the selection of microevolved derivatives with differing properties to their original parent strains. One well characterised instance is the phenotypic differences observed between the series of strains derived from the type strain of the human pathogenic fungus Cryptococcus neoformans. A second case was r...
Tang, Huangqi Chen, Liangwen Dai, Zhangyu Zhang, Wenjing Wang, Ting Wu, Lijun Wang, Gaohong Bian, Po
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DNA repair
Radiation-induced bystander effects have been demonstrated within organisms. Recently, it is found that the organisms can also signal irradiation cues to their co-cultured partners in a waterborne manner. In contrast, there is a limited understanding of radiation-induced airborne signaling between individuals, especially on the aspect of DNA damage...
Loshchenova, Polina S Sergeeva, Svetlana V Limonov, Dmitry V Guo, Zhigang Dianov, Grigory L
Published in
DNA repair
Base excision repair (BER) is the major repair pathway that removes DNA single strand breaks (SSBs) arising spontaneously due to the inherent instability of DNA. Unrepaired SSBs promote cell-cycle delay, which facilitates DNA repair prior to replication. On the other hand, in response to persistent DNA strand breaks, ATM-dependent degradation of tr...
Dziegielewski, Jaroslaw Bońkowska, Magdalena A Poniecka, Ewa A Heo, Jinho Du, Kangping Crittenden, Rowena B Bender, Timothy P Brautigan, David L Larner, James M
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DNA repair
Cellular responses to DNA damage include activation of DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) through, among others, the serine/threonine protein phosphatase 6 (PP6). We previously showed that recognition of DNA-PKcs is mediated by the SAPS1 PP6 regulatory subunit. Here, we report and characterize a SAPS1 null mouse and investigate the effects of de...
