Published in Bio Systems
In 1972, Efim Liberman, a Soviet biophysicist, pioneered a brand-new approach to studying the operation of the brain, the live cell and the human mind by publishing a paper titled "Cell as a molecular computer" (1972). In this paper, Liberman posited that a consecutive/parallel stochastic molecular computer (MCC) controls a living cell. An MCC oper...
Published in Bio Systems
Diversity is an intrinsic feature of life at the species and sequence levels, while the genetic code is a unified feature for cellular and noncellular organisms. How can life display both diversity and unity? In fact, biochemical differences and statistical features of the whole-genome sequences play essential roles in diversification of life. A ge...
Published in Bio Systems
The perspective presents a code-based measure of biocomplexity that can be expressed as a simple formula "codes/components = complexity" and allows quantification of biological complexity across a wide range of biosystems and biological taxa. It combines informational concepts (i.e., codes) with quantitative behavior of biomolecular components. An ...
Published in Bio Systems
Temperature dependences of IR exciton properties in Müller cell (MC) intermediate filaments (IFs) isolated from porcine retina were studied. It was found that the widths of the spectral emission bands in the 2500 cm-1 and 5000 cm-1 energy ranges grow with temperature. It was found that temperature effects on the bandwidth may be described by therma...
Published in Bio Systems
Independently developed iron-sulphur/thioester- and phosphate-driven chemical reactions would have set up two distinct reaction networks prior to coupling in a proto-metabolic system supporting a minimal organisation closure. Each chemical system assisted initially by simple catalysts and then by more complex cofactors would have provided the precu...
Published in Bio Systems
Prions or PrPSc (prion protein, Scrapie isoform) are proteins with an aberrant three-dimensional conformation that present the ability to alter the three-dimensional structure of natively folded PrPC (prion protein, cellular isoform) inducing its abnormal folding, giving raise to neurological diseases known as Transmissible spongiforms encephalopat...
Published in Bio Systems
Major evolutionary transitions as well as the evolution of codes of life are key elements in macroevolution which are characterized by increase in complexity Major evolutionary transitions ensues by a transition in individuality and by the evolution of a novel mode of using, transmitting or storing information. Here is where codes of life enter the...
Published in Bio Systems
According to the founders of quantum mechanics and quantum biology P. Jordan and E. Schrödinger, the main difference between living and inanimate objects is the dictatorial influence of genetic molecules on the whole living organism. Code biology can make a valuable contribution to understanding this dictatorial influence of genetic molecules whose...
Published in Bio Systems
Biological information processing is generally assumed to be classical. Measured cellular energy budgets of both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, however, fall orders of magnitude short of the power required to maintain classical states of protein conformation and localization at the Å, fs scales predicted by single-molecule decoherence calculations and...
Published in Bio Systems
Intracellular Ca2+ is a key regulator of cell signaling and sperm are not the exception. Cells often use cytoplasmic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) oscillations as a means to decodify external and internal information. [Ca2+]i oscillations faster than those usually found in other cells and correlated with flagellar beat were the first to be described...
