Published in Autophagy
Macroautophagy/autophagy is the cellular process responsible for the elimination and recycling of aggregated proteins and damaged organelles. Whereas autophagy is strictly regulated by several signaling cascades, the link between this process and the subcellular distribution of its regulatory pathways remains to be established. Our recent work sugg...
Published in Autophagy
1-phenyl 2-thiourea (PTU) is a Tyr (tyrosinase) inhibitor that is extensively used to block pigmentation and improve optical transparency in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryo. Here, we reported a previously undescribed effect of PTU on macroautophagy/autophagy in zebrafish embryos. Upon 0.003% PTU treatment, aberrant autophagosome and autolysosome for...
Published in Autophagy
NRBF2, a regulatory subunit of the ATG14-BECN1/Beclin 1-PIK3C3/VPS34 complex, positively regulates macroautophagy/autophagy. In this study, we report that NRBF2 is required for the clearance of apoptotic cells and alleviation of inflammation during colitis in mice. NRBF2-deficient mice displayed much more severe colitis symptoms after the administr...
Published in Autophagy
The fusion of autophagosomes and endosomes/lysosomes, also called autophagosome maturation, ensures the degradation of autophagic cargoes. It is an important regulatory step of the macroautophagy/autophagy process. STX17 is the key autophagosomal SNARE protein that mediates autophagosome maturation. Here, we report that the acetylation of STX17 reg...
Published in Autophagy
Energy deprivation activates the cellular energy sensor AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which in turn induces macroautophagy/autophagy. The mitochondrial-associated ER membrane (MAM) plays a key role in mitochondrial division and autophagy, and the mitochondrial fusion protein MFN2 (mitofusin 2) tethers the MAM, but the mechanism by which AMPK...
Published in Autophagy
Nearly all diseases in humans, to a certain extent, exhibit sex differences, including differences in the onset, progression, prevention, therapy, and prognosis of diseases. Accumulating evidence shows that macroautophagy/autophagy, as a mechanism for development, differentiation, survival, and homeostasis, is involved in numerous aspects of sex di...
Published in Autophagy
The PIK3C3/VPS34 subunit of the class III phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PtdIns3K) complex is a key early player in macroautophagy/autophagy. In this study, we assessed the contribution of PIK3C3 to T cell metabolism and function. We found that Pik3c3-deficient T cells exhibited impaired cellular metabolism, and Pik3c3-deficient CD4+ T cells failed...
Published in Autophagy
Mitophagy is a conserved intracellular catabolic process responsible for the selective removal of dysfunctional or superfluous mitochondria to maintain mitochondrial quality and need in cells. Here, we examine the mechanisms of receptor-mediated mitophagy activation, with the focus on BNIP3L/NIX mitophagy receptor, proven to be indispensable for se...
Published in Autophagy
Macroautophagy/autophagy is a conserved catabolic pathway that targets cytoplasmic components for their degradation and recycling in an autophagosome-dependent lysosomal manner. Under physiological conditions, this process maintains cellular homeostasis. However, autophagy can be stimulated upon different forms of cellular stress, ranging from nutr...
Published in Autophagy
NRBF2 is a component of the class III phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PtdIns3K) complex. Our previous study has revealed its role in regulating ATG14-associated PtdIns3K activity for autophagosome initiation. In this study, we revealed an unknown mechanism by which NRBF2 modulates autophagosome maturation and APP-C-terminal fragment (CTF) degradatio...
