Halachmi, Ilan Guarino, Marcella Bewley, Jeffrey Pastell, Matti
Published in
Annual Review of Animal Biosciences
Consumption of animal products such as meat, milk, and eggs in first-world countries has leveled off, but it is rising precipitously in developing countries. Agriculture will have to increase its output to meet demand, opening the door to increased automation and technological innovation; intensified, sustainable farming; and precision livestock fa...
Rice, Edward S. Green, Richard E.
Published in
Annual Review of Animal Biosciences
Affordable, high-throughput DNA sequencing has accelerated the pace of genome assembly over the past decade. Genome assemblies from high-throughput, short-read sequencing, however, are often not as contiguous as the first generation of genome assemblies. Whereas early genome assembly projects were often aided by clone maps or other mapping data, ma...
Luo, Shu-Jin Liu, Yue-Chen Xu, Xiao
Published in
Annual Review of Animal Biosciences
Of all the big cats, or perhaps of all the endangered wildlife, the tiger may be both the most charismatic and most well-recognized flagship species in the world. The rapidly changing field of molecular genetics, particularly advances in genome sequencing technologies, has provided new tools to reconstruct what characterizes a tiger. Here we review...
Kenney, Scott P. Meng, Xiang-Jin
Published in
Annual Review of Animal Biosciences
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is an important human pathogen that historically has been difficult to study. Limited levels of replication in vitro hindered our understanding of the viral life cycle. Sporadic and low-level virus shedding, lack of standardized detection methods, and subclinical infections made the development of animal models difficult. Be...
Lopez, Jose V. Kamel, Bishoy Medina, Mónica Collins, Timothy Baums, Iliana B.
Published in
Annual Review of Animal Biosciences
Conservation genomics aims to preserve the viability of populations and the biodiversity of living organisms. Invertebrate organisms represent 95% of animal biodiversity; however, few genomic resources currently exist for the group. The subset of marine invertebrates includes the most ancient metazoan lineages and possesses codes for unique ...
Zempleni, Janos Sukreet, Sonal Zhou, Fang Wu, Di Mutai, Ezra
Published in
Annual Review of Animal Biosciences
Exosomes are natural nanoparticles that play an important role in cell-to-cell communication. Communication is achieved through the transfer of cargos, such as microRNAs, from donor to recipient cells and binding of exosomes to cell surface receptors. Exosomes and their cargos are also obtained from dietary sources, such as milk. Exosome and cell g...
Giassetti, Mariana I. Ciccarelli, Michela Oatley, Jon M.
Published in
Annual Review of Animal Biosciences
The demand for food will increase to an unprecedented level over the next 30 years owing to human population expansion, thus necessitating an evolution that improves the efficiency of livestock production. Genetic gain to improve production traits of domestic animal populations is most effectively achieved via selective use of gametes from animals ...
Velleman, Sandra G.
Published in
Annual Review of Animal Biosciences
The functional unit in skeletal muscle is the multinucleated myofiber, which is composed of parallel arrays of microfibrils. The myofiber and sarco-mere structure of skeletal muscle are established during embryogenesis, when mononuclear myoblast cells fuse to form multinucleated myotubes and develop into muscle fibers. With the myoblasts permanentl...
Nakane, Yusuke Yoshimura, Takashi
Published in
Annual Review of Animal Biosciences
Organisms use changes in photoperiod for seasonal reproduction to maximize the survival of their offspring. Birds have sophisticated seasonal mechanisms and are therefore excellent models for studying these phenomena. Birds perceive light via deep-brain photoreceptors and long day–induced thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH, thyrotropin) in the pars t...
Spencer, Thomas E. Kelleher, Andrew M. Bartol, Frank F.
Published in
Annual Review of Animal Biosciences
All mammalian uteri contain glands that synthesize or transport and secrete substances into the uterine lumen. Uterine gland development, or adenogenesis, is uniquely a postnatal event in sheep and pigs and involves differentiation of glandular epithelium from luminal epithelium, followed by invagination and coiling morphogenesis throughout the str...
