Aris, Izzuddin M Sarvet, Aaron L Stensrud, Mats J Neugebauer, Romain Li, Ling-Jun Hivert, Marie-France Oken, Emily Young, Jessica G
Published in
American journal of epidemiology
Observational studies reporting adjusted associations between childhood body mass index (BMI) rebound and subsequent cardio-metabolic outcomes have often not given explicit attention to causal inference, including definition of a target causal effect and assumptions for unbiased estimation of that effect. Using data from 649 children in a Boston, M...
Iversen, Inge Brosbøl Mohr, Mette Skovgaard Vestergaard, Jesper Medom Stokholm, Zara Ann Kolstad, Henrik Albert
Published in
American journal of epidemiology
Exposure to industrial solvents has been associated with encephalopathy. Styrene is a neurotoxic industrial solvent, and we investigated the long-term risk of encephalopathy and unspecified dementia following styrene exposure. We followed 72,465 workers in the reinforced plastics industry in Denmark (1977-2011) and identified incident cases of ence...
Brown, Heidi E Cox, Jonathan
Published in
American journal of epidemiology
Epidemiology is a core component of the undergraduate public health curriculum and a critical component of a healthy community and a comprehensive education. Evidence-based, collaborative instructional practices improve student success, reach diverse student populations, and improve learning outcomes. Here we describe the pedagogical approach of an...
Cole, Stephen R Edwards, Jessie K Greenland, Sander
Published in
American journal of epidemiology
Measures of information and surprise, such as the Shannon information value (S value), quantify the signal present in a stream of noisy data. We illustrate the use of such information measures in the context of interpreting P values as compatibility indices. S values help communicate the limited information supplied by conventional statistics and c...
Labrecque, Jeremy A Hunink, Myriam M G Ikram, M Arfan Ikram, M Kamran
Published in
American journal of epidemiology
Case-control studies are an important part of the epidemiologic literature, yet confusion remains about how to interpret estimates from different case-control study designs. We demonstrate that not all case-control study designs estimate odds ratios. On the contrary, case-control studies in the literature often report odds ratios as their main para...
Kahn, Rebecca Kennedy-Shaffer, Lee Grad, Yonatan H Robins, James M Lipsitch, Marc
Published in
American journal of epidemiology
The extent and duration of immunity following infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are critical outstanding questions about the epidemiology of this novel virus, and studies are needed to evaluate the effects of serostatus on reinfection. Understanding the potential sources of bias and methods for alleviating ...
Burgard, Sarah
Published in
American journal of epidemiology
Research in the social and health sciences has linked job insecurity to poorer mental health but relies on observational data and faces challenges of causal inference. LaMontagne et al. (Am J Epidemiol. 2021;190(2):207-215) innovate by using both within-person fixed-effects and random-effects regression to analyze data from 14 annual waves of an Au...
D'Agostino, Emily M
Published in
American journal of epidemiology
In their accompanying article, Brown and Cox (Am J Epidemiol. 2021;190(2):305-312) offer strategies for improving introductory epidemiology instruction in large undergraduate classes using a team-based instructional approach. Effective epidemiology instruction can increase the quality and effectiveness of teaching and learning in our discipline. Re...
Jiang, Lai Xu, Shujing Mancuso, Nicholas Newcombe, Paul J Conti, David V
Published in
American journal of epidemiology
Previous research has demonstrated the usefulness of hierarchical modeling for incorporating a flexible array of prior information in genetic association studies. When this prior information consists of estimates from association analyses of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP)-intermediate or SNP-gene expression, a hierarchical model is equivalen...
Leigh, J Paul
Published in
American journal of epidemiology
Economists have been researching effects of minimum wages on unemployment, poverty, income inequality, and educational attainment for over 60 years. Epidemiologists have only recently begun researching minimum wages even though unemployment through education are central topics within social epidemiology. Buszkiewicz et al. (Am J Epidemiol. 2021;190...
