Nury, Thomas Yammine, Aline Menetrier, Franck Zarrouk, Amira Vejux, Anne Lizard, Gérard
Published in
Advances in experimental medicine and biology
Peroxisomopathies are qualitative or quantitative deficiencies in peroxisomes which lead to increases in the level of very-long-chain fatty acids (VLCFA) and can be associated with more or less pronounced dysfunction of central nervous system cells: glial and microglial cells. Currently, in frequent neurodegenerative diseases, Alzheimer's disease (...
Kavitha, Karakkattu Vijayan Patil, Vrishali Swanand Sanjeevi, Carani Balarman Unnikrishnan, Ambika Gopalakrishnan
Published in
Advances in experimental medicine and biology
Charcot Neuroarthropathy (CN) is an uncommon, debilitating and often underdiagnosed complication of chronic diabetes mellitus though, it can also occur in other medical conditions resulting from nerve injury. Till date, the etiology of CN remains unknown, but enhanced osteoclastogenesis is believed to play a central role in the pathogenesis of CN, ...
Sayed, Shomoita Nabi, A H M Nurun
Published in
Advances in experimental medicine and biology
Unveiling human genome through successful completion of Human Genome Project and International HapMap Projects with the advent of state of art technologies has shed light on diseases associated genetic determinants. Identification of mutational landscapes such as copy number variation, single nucleotide polymorphisms or variants in different genes ...
Li, Yong Li, Yahui Chen, Xiaoxin
Published in
Advances in experimental medicine and biology
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a deadly disease that requires extensive research on its mechanisms, prevention, and therapy. Recent studies have shown that NOTCH mutations are commonly seen in human ESCC. This chapter summarizes our current understanding of the NOTCH pathway in normal esophagus and in ESCC. In normal esophagus, NOTCH ...
Zenno, Anna Nadler, Evan P
Published in
Advances in experimental medicine and biology
Bariatric surgery is currently the most effective weight loss treatment of severe obesity and its associated comorbidities and is being increasingly used to treat children and adolescents with severe obesity, including those with Type 2 Diabetes (T2D). This review focuses on the conventional management of T2D in children and adolescents, comparison...
Massana, Joaquim Torrent-Fontbona, Ferran López, Beatriz
Published in
Advances in experimental medicine and biology
In type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) pancreas beta-cells do not segregate insulin. This hormone is necessary to convert glucose into energy. Thus, people with diabetes are required to maintain blood glucose (BG) levels within a safe range using external control solutions. Insulin recommender systems (IRS's) provide the precise amount of insulin to th...
Maselli, Daniel B Camilleri, Michael
Published in
Advances in experimental medicine and biology
The processing of proglucagon in intestinal L cells results in the formation of glucagon, GLP-1, and GLP-2. The GLP-1 molecule becomes active through the effect of proconvertase 1, and it is inactivated by dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV), so that the half-life of endogenous GLP-1 is 2-3 min. GLP-1 stimulates insulin secretion from β cells in the i...
Muneer, Muhammad
Published in
Advances in experimental medicine and biology
In health hypoglycaemia is rare and occurs only in circumstances like extreme sports. Hypoglycaemia in type 1 Diabetes (T1D) and advanced type 2 Diabetes (T2D) are the result of interplay between absolute or relative insulin access and defective glucose counterregulation. The basic mechanism is, failure of decreasing insulin and failure of the comp...
Naemi, Roya Shahmoradi, Leila
Published in
Advances in experimental medicine and biology
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is as a chronic metabolic disease, and disease registry plays an important role in the care of diabetes. Systematic review of diabetes registry systems in different countries has not been conducted based on evidences. This study conducts a systematic review to determine the goals, data elements, reports, data sources and capa...
Rankin, Katherine P
Published in
Advances in experimental medicine and biology
Because changes to socioemotional cognition and behavior are an early and central symptom in many of the FTLD syndromes, an objective and standardized approach to patient identification and staging relies on availability of validated socioemotional measures. Such tests should reflect functioning in key selectively vulnerable brain networks central ...
