Published in AIDS research and human retroviruses
Human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) causes CD4 T cell depletion through a number of mechanisms, including programmed cell death pathways (both apoptotic and nonapoptotic). In the setting of HIV-1 infection, the enhanced lymphocyte cell death occurs as a consequence of complex interactions between the host immune system and viral factors, which a...
Published in AIDS research and human retroviruses
Compared to those without human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) -infection, those that are HIV-infected are 1.5 to 2 times more likely to develop atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and to do so at a younger age. This increased risk is due to traditional risk factors (e.g., hypertension, diabetes, smoking and dyslipidemia), but also to fact...
Published in AIDS research and human retroviruses
Researchers studying the mental health implications of HIV continue to conflate institutional mistrust (i.e., medical and/or governmental) with HIV conspiracy theory belief in spite of a multitude of existing scales that measure both independently. While this conflation is made frequently, measuring for HIV conspiracy theory belief in select (large...
Published in AIDS research and human retroviruses
In high-income countries, causes of death in people living with HIV (PLHIV) have changed. Three French national surveys from 2000 to 2010 showed a decrease in AIDS-related and an increase in non-AIDS-related deaths. Deaths notified in PLHIV followed between January 1, 2011 and December 31, 2015 in 1 of 13 participating hospitals northeast of Paris ...
Published in AIDS research and human retroviruses
In HIV-1-infected patients, virological failure can occur as a consequence of the mutations that accumulate in the viral genome that allow replication to continue in the presence of antiretrovirals (ARVs). The development of treatment-emergent resistance to an ARV can limit a patient's options for future therapy, prompting the need for ARV regimens...
Published in AIDS research and human retroviruses
HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) continue to be reported even in patients with successful antiretroviral treatment. We investigated the prevalence of neurocognitive impairment and possible HIV-associated determinants of cognition in a Romanian cohort of young adults, parenterally infected with HIV during their first years of life. Two...
Published in AIDS research and human retroviruses
Incidence of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), including cardiovascular disease (CVD), cirrhosis, and non-AIDS-defining cancers (NADCs), have been associated with HIV viremia, CD4 cell counts, and CD4/CD8 ratio in persons living with HIV (PLWH). This study examined the importance of these markers to mortality risk following NCD diagnosis. We examine...
Published in AIDS research and human retroviruses
The identification of transmission clusters (TCs) of HIV-1 using phylogenetic analyses can provide insights into viral transmission network and help improve prevention strategies. We compared the use of partial HIV-1 envelope fragment of 1,070 bp with its loop 3 (108 bp) to determine its utility in inferring HIV-1 transmission clustering. Serum sam...
Published in AIDS research and human retroviruses
Published in AIDS research and human retroviruses
Condom compatible lubricants (CCLs), including water-based lubricants (WBL) represent one strategy to prevent the breakage of latex condoms and thus decrease the risk of HIV transmission during anal intercourse. The analyses presented here characterize the correlates of WBL use during anal sex among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Blantyre, Mala...
