Published in Frontiers in Neuroscience
In this paper, we propose an approach for template-based shape analysis of large datasets, using diffeomorphic centroids as atlas shapes. Diffeomorphic centroid methods fit in the Large Deformation Diffeomorphic Metric Mapping (LDDMM) framework and use kernel metrics on currents to quantify surface dissimilarities. The statistical analysis is based...
Published in Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
Published in Molecular Autism
Background The tremendous clinical and aetiological diversity among individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has been a major obstacle to the development of new treatments, as many may only be effective in particular subgroups. Precision medicine approaches aim to overcome this challenge by combining pathophysiologically based treatments wi...
Published in Molecular Autism
Background The EU-AIMS Longitudinal European Autism Project (LEAP) is to date the largest multi-centre, multi-disciplinary observational study on biomarkers for autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The current paper describes the clinical characteristics of the LEAP cohort and examines age, sex and IQ differences in ASD core symptoms and common co-occur...
Published in NeuroImage
In this review, we discuss recent work by the ENIGMA Consortium (http://enigma.ini.usc.edu) – a global alliance of over 500 scientists spread across 200 institutions in 35 countries collectively analyzing brain imaging, clinical, and genetic data. Initially formed to detect genetic influences on brain measures, ENIGMA has grown to over 30 working g...
Published in Cancer Immunology Research
Motivated by applications in neuroanatomy, we propose a novel methodology for estimating the heritability which corresponds to the proportion of phenotypic variance which can be explained by genetic factors. Estimating this quantity for neuroanatomical features is a fundamental challenge in psychiatric disease research. Since the phenotypic variati...
Published in GigaScience
Brainhack events offer a novel workshop format with participant-generated content that caters to the rapidly growing open neuroscience community. Including components from hackathons and unconferences, as well as parallel educational sessions, Brainhack fosters novel collaborations around the interests of its attendees. Here we provide an overview ...
Published in Frontiers in Neuroanatomy
The incomplete-hippocampal-inversion (IHI), also known as malrotation, is an atypical anatomical pattern of the hippocampus, which has been reported in healthy subjects in different studies. However, extensive characterization of IHI in a large sample has not yet been performed. Furthermore, it is unclear whether IHI are restricted to the medial-te...
Published in uman Brain Mapping - 2015, Honolulu, United States
Incomplete hippocampal inversion (IHI) is an atypical anatomical pattern of the hippocampus. It has been mostly described in patients with epilepsy, in particular with malformations of cortical development but also in temporal lobe epilepsy (Baulac et al. 1998; Bernasconi et al. 2005; Bajic et al. 2009), with a prevalence of 30%-50%. However, IHI a...
Published in Nature
The highly complex structure of the human brain is strongly shaped by genetic influences. Subcortical brain regions form circuits with cortical areas to coordinate movement, learning, memory and motivation, and altered circuits can lead to abnormal behaviour and disease. To investigate how common genetic variants affect the structure of these brain...
Published in PLoS Genetics
SHANK genes code for scaffold proteins located at the post-synaptic density of glutamatergic synapses. In neurons, SHANK2 and SHANK3 have a positive effect on the induction and maturation of dendritic spines, whereas SHANK1 induces the enlargement of spine heads. Mutations in SHANK genes have been associated with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), bu...
Published in PLoS Genetics
Face expressions are a rich source of social signals. Here we estimated the proportion of phenotypic variance in the brain response to facial expressions explained by common genetic variance captured by ∼ 500,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms. Using genomic-relationship-matrix restricted maximum likelihood (GREML), we related this global genetic ...
Published in 20th Annual Meeting of the Organization for Human Brain Mapping (OHBM)
Magnetic resonance imaging at 7 T and beyond, enables imaging the full cortex at isotropic resolutions below 0.5 mm. Allowing the study of intra-cortical features such as cortical layers. In order to describe and analyse these features, the cortex needs to be described in ways that respect its structure across its whole thickness. A method is propo...
Published in Twin Research and Human Genetics
Neurodevelopmental disorders affect a substantial minority of the general population. Their origins are still largely unknown, but a complex interplay of genetic and environmental factors causing disturbances of the central nervous system's maturation and a variety of higher cognitive skills is presumed. Only limited research of rather small sample...
Published in Brain Imaging and Behavior
The Enhancing NeuroImaging Genetics through Meta-Analysis (ENIGMA) Consortium is a collaborative network of researchers working together on a range of large-scale studies that integrate data from 70 institutions worldwide. Organized into Working Groups that tackle questions in neuroscience, genetics, and medicine, ENIGMA studies have analyzed neuro...
Published in International Conference on Human Brain Mapping
no abstract
Published in Nature Medicine
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) encompasses a range of disorders that are characterized by social and communication deficits and repetitive behaviors. For the majority of affected individuals, the cause of ASD remains unknown, but in at least 20% of the cases, a genetic cause can be identified. There is currently no cure for ASD; however, results fr...
Published in International Journal of Epidemiology
Background: The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate an association between duration of exclusive breastfeeding and structure of cortical regions implicated in general intelligence. Methods: We studied adolescents (n = 571; aged 12-18 years) participating in the Saguenay Youth Study; half of the participants were exposed to maternal cig...
Published in Nature
Autism spectrum disorders comprise a range of neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by deficits in social interaction and communication, and by repetitive behaviour. Mutations in synaptic proteins such as neuroligins, neurexins, GKAPs/SAPAPs and ProSAPs/Shanks were identified in patients with autism spectrum disorder, but the causative mechani...
